Paper or Plastic?

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Paper or Plastic?
You probably did not realize how difficult that question really is!
Many Americans go with plastic, either by habit or because they believe the environmental impact of plastic bags is less than that of paper.  No one wants to cut down trees just to make a bag for your groceries, right?  But is paper worse than plastic?
Paper bags produce 70% more air pollution and 50 times more water pollution than plastic bag production. Yet, plastic bags have their own problems:  80% of all litter on roadsides, parks and beaches is plastic.  In some countries like Bangladesh and India, plastic garbage bags clog drainage systems so much that they cause massive flooding damage.  And think about this:  every square mile of the ocean has about 46,000 pieces of floating non biodegradable plastic in it, most of it plastic bags.
What’s the Verdict?
Read on (www.greennurture.com) to see what others are thinking and doing about this dilemma!
Then login now to GreenNurture.com and spend just 2 seconds giving us and everyone else your 2 cents’ worth.
And while you are at it, see what everyone else is saying!
Do you have a favorite quote, statistic, question or idea about sustainability?  Share it with us and we will post the best of them in our weekly email!  Contact GreenNurture’s Chief Satisfaction Officer, Sally Russell, at sally@greennurture.com.Plastic bag litter

In the U.S., four out of five grocery bags are plastic, with the average American family accumulating nearly 60 plastic bags for every four trips to the grocery store.  But is this by choice?  If Americans knew how damaging those plastic bags are to the environment, would they choose them?  Consider this (http://www.reuseit.com/learn-more/top-facts/plastic-bag-facts):

500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags are used every year, worldwide.    Plastic bag

About 1 million plastic bags are used every minute.

A single plastic bag can take up to 1,000 years to degrade

The U.S. alone goes through 100 billion single-use plastic bags. This costs retailers about $4 billion a year

Plastic bags are the second-most common type of ocean refuse, after cigarette butts, with every single square mile of ocean having about 46,000 pieces of floating plastic in it.  70% of which finds its way to the ocean floor, where it will likely never degrade

Plastic bags remain toxic even after they break down.

Only between .5% to 3% of all bags winds up recycled

So Choose Paper, Right?

Not so fast, pardner!  There is evidence that the ready alternative, paper bags, are also very damaging to the environment:

Paper bag production produces 70% more air pollution and 50 times more water pollution than plastic bag production

Waste by weight of paper bags is 400% higher than plastic and the amount of waste by volume is higher by more than 250%. With landfills running low on space, plastic is obviously preferable to plastic

Cutting down forests to make paper bags is environmentally costly, as is transporting the bags to their ultimate destinations. Plastic bags are much thinner and lighter than paper bags, and take about 1/45 the truck space that paper bags take.   That means transporting paper bags consumes 45 times more fuel, and produces 45 times the congestion and smog of plastic bags.  (http://www.plasticbageconomics.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=30&Itemid=45)

What’s the Answer: Think Outside the Bag

The first plastic sandwich bag came on the market in 1957.  It took 20 more years before grocers began asking, “Paper or Plastic?”  In its relatively brief lifespan, plastic has made a widespread, indelible impact on the planet.

Because they are such an environmental problem and eyesore, countries such as Ireland, Taiwan, South Africa, Australia and Bangladesh have taxed the bags heavily, or outright banned them.  Several cities in the U.S. and the U.K. are doing the same.

Instead of paper or plastic, many people are now using reusable bags made from string, recycled plastic, baskets and boxes.

If you do choose plastic, please recycle them.  Retailers like Wal-Mart and Target have recycling centers at many of their stores where you can drop off your used plastic bags.  Between April and December, 2010, Target collected more than 170 million shopping bags (equal to more than 1800 tons). Laid end-to-end, they would stretch from L.A. to NYC more than 17 times.

So, the next time you are asked, “Paper or Plastic?” will you be able to say “Neither, I brought my own”?

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Economists and Madmen

Author: Sally Russell | Category: Innovation | Tags: , , , ,
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Pepsi bottle“Anyone who believes exponential growth can go on forever in a finite world is either a madman or an economist.” — Kenneth Boulding (Economist)

With world population projected to reach 9.2 billion by the year 2050, the challenge of managing the earth’s resources more efficiently becomes ever more critical every day.

Companies and organizations everywhere are rising to the challenge.  Pepsi just announced it has created a “plastic” bottle that looks identical to its current petroleum based plastic bottles.  The new bottles, however, are made entirely from plant based materials.

Pepsi plans to use leftovers from its food business, such as orange peels, oat hulls, potato scraps and other leftovers as resources for manufacturing the bottles, thus helping Pepsi reduce its carbon footprint.  Pepsi will be testing the bottles in 2012 (see full article at http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9LVJI5G0.htm).

What can your business innovate to help create a more sustainable future?

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Sustainability and Employee Engagement, joined at the hip

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There are plenty of studies and calls to action on Employee Engagement. But when it comes to Employee Engagement and Sustainability there’s a lot more work to be done.

Studies that attempt to correlate these two factors have found that most employees (86 percent, in one survey) have not been engaged by their employers. Yet, a very large number of corporate CEOs (93 percent!) recognize that “sustainability will be critical to the future success of their companies.”

The Brighter Planet study, released in February this year recognized that the shift toward sustainability is “a cultural shift, and it’s one that must happen at all levels within an organization to be truly effective.” It also noted that “organizations need to work on communicating sustainability issues and initiatives to staff.”

So we wanted to find out ourselves (see link to survey) because even “the definition of sustainability is still in question,” observed Derrick Mains.

“The media tells you it is environmental sustainability; Wall Street will tell you it is all about risk management and profitability; other organizations will tell you it is about social responsibility –how your company interacts with employees the world… it could even be about procurement and process efficiency.”

Listen to a short clip here of Derrick Mains explain the goals of the survey, and the connection between sustainability and employee engagement.

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With e-waste, why isn’t business part of the solution?

Author: Angelo Fernando | Category: Nurturecast, Podcasts | Tags: , , , ,
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Most people don’t have ‘e-waste’ on their radar. In fact most people can’t visualize what it is.

It sounds a bit like some industrial effluent problem that we keep hearing about, or something that happens ‘over there’ -in developing countries.  But e-waste is something we contribute to whether we know about it or not. It’s time local governments and business leaders addressed this knowledge gap.

For instance, the volume of e-waste climbed by 8.6% between 2005 and 2006 (as opposed 1.2 percent. for the volume of regular municipal waste).

But what does that look like? Where do the thousands of  keyboards, computer monitors, obsolete phones and laptop batteries end up? You may not see an used PlayStation controller floating down a river when you’re out Trout fishing…

Jeff Rassas had a great idea one day. He decided to incentivize people to solve the problem locally. His company, YouChange.com, is not just another do-good company. It’s a robust business model. Audio systems, old gaming consoles, PDAs, optical drives and hundreds of other home electronics and business equipment can be turned into cash.

The web site lets you do it in three simple steps: Find out how much your gadget is worth – instant evaluation online by entering a model number. Send it to youchange.com (they take care of shipping & handling), and collect cash and reward points.

Here’s a short segment where Derrick Mains and Jeff Rassas talk about how businesses could be part of the solution. A longer version of this podcast could be found here at Your Triple Bottom Line.

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EMP for Rx – An Environmental Management Plan for Health Care

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earthpm_medicalWhen it comes to projects, the health care industry is no different from other industries.  There are projects in constant motion. The health care industry addresses issues of competition, time to market, new product introduction (includes new processes and procedures), and enhancements to technology, equipment or existing policies.  The discipline of project management can and should be applied.  Of course there is no guarantee for project success, no “silver bullet,” but a disciplined approach gives you more of a chance for project success than a random, haphazard, “seat-of-your-pants” approach.  And, with the “green wave” of environmental awareness, mandates and guidelines, as well as regulatory efforts, more and more organizations, including those in health care, are adopting and having to adopt, a greener focus.  Again, without some structure those approaches are hit-and-miss at best.  So as more and more heath care organizations are adopting the disciple of project management, it only makes sense to couple that discipline with an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

So what is an EMP and how can it help you, as a project manager, your project team and your enterprise?

I am making an assumption here that your organization has an environmental policy, or at the least, contained within the mission statement, is some statement of environmental commitment.  If there is none, then the first job of anyone who manages the organizations projects is to suggest/implore/demand that policy.  For the reasons outlines above, the “green wave,” regulations etc.,  is no longer an option but a necessity to have a green commitment at the organization level.  Projects are where ideas become reality, and those who manage projects make those ideas real.  Because managing projects is the business end of business, those who manage projects, therefore, have the duty to require that commitment.  It is good for the business.

As mentioned before, the EMP is focused on the environmental and sustainability aspects of projects.  Like all good plans, the EMP has some inputs and the results of the EMP will be used as inputs to other plans.  Inputs to the EMP are the organizations environmental objectives, policies and the environmental risks.  The plan will contain considerations for the project’s scope, stakeholders, organizational policies, and risk register.  It will use tools like benchmarking and cost-benefit analysis to determine best practices, as well as using the cost of greenality for decision making.  Outputs of the EMP will drive other necessary project management plans like risk, quality, communication, human resources, cost, and procurement management plans.

As an example of how you might use the information from your EMP, I’ll use procurement.  If the intent of your organization is to use “green” suppliers, like Wal-Mart does, then the EMP will provide clear criteria for choosing an environmentally friendly company.  Remember, the EMP is a project-guiding document, not mandate.  The ultimate decision on whether or not to use one company over another, whether environmentally friendly or not, will still be an organizational decision.  The EMP will have those guidelines, but there are instances, where something is prohibitively costly, where the decision will more than likely not be made in favor of the environment.  This can be frustrating for you, especially if you are passionate about the environment, but you must realize that there are other factors at work.  However, this should not dissuade you from putting the best EMP together that you can.

The green wave is gaining strength, and so is competition within the health care industry.  An effective EMP is a way to differentiate one organization from another.  I’ll talk more about how to “green up” your health care projects in my next blog.

earthpm_logo

The concept of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP)© was first offered by Rich Maltzman and me  in our proposal to The Project Management Institute® for inclusion of environmental considerations for project management, in the future Fifth Edition of The Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). ® The PMBOK Guide is the “bible” for project managers.  Its primary function is to provide those who manage projects with a framework for application of the project management disciple.  The EMP is specifically focused on the environmental and sustainability aspects of the organization’s projects.  It is also tied to project activities like scope, stakeholder considerations, organizational policies, risk registers.  In addition, the EMP will use measurement tools like benchmarking, cost-benefit analysis, and the cost of greenality to insure that the environmental and sustainability aspects of their projects are considered.  Greenality, a new word coined in Green Project Management, CRC Press 2010, as the “degree to which an organization considers green (environmental) aspects of their projects throughout the project life cycle.”  The cost of greenality therefore is divided into two categories, the cost of good greenality, audits, training, etc., and the cost of bad greenality, the cost of internal and external failures.  I’ll talk more about greenality and greenality measurements in a future blog.

For more information about EarthPM®, see http://earthpm.com.

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Why Business Should Support Biodiversity Initiatives

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biodiversity

2010 is the International Year of Biodiversity, and world leaders are poised to meet for the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (COP10) in Nagoya, Japan, October 18-29. 

At first glance, it may not be intuitive as to why your business should care. However, this United Nations declaration and the COP10 talks provide some of the most powerful opportunities for businesses to send the right messages to their clients and consumers that they are firmly committed to the protection of the variety of life on Earth – biodiversity. These are strong messages easily incorporated into your company’s business plan that will not only improve your bottom line, but also the future of our planet. This year. And beyond.

Insuring robust biodiversity is essentially insuring our “Web of Life.” As with most business practices, knock out a step or two and the whole process may not suffer significantly for anyone to notice, but take out a key step and the product or service is doomed and fails. And so it is with the seemingly magical stuff of life. The biological diversity of our planet is what helps sustain us. We rely on this diversity for not just food and wealth, but medicine, fuel and vital services such as oxygen, decomposition and more. In many regions of the world, we know that our systems (both plant and animal) are fragile and some are in peril.

E.O. Wilson, a well-known American biologist and researcher on the area of biodiversity, and other experts say we are facing some of the greatest mass extinctions of animals and plants since the age of dinosaurs, and no one knows which “keystone” species” might be the crucial ones. The mission of Wilson’s Biodiversity Foundation is “to preserve biological diversity in the living environment by inventing and implementing business and educational strategies in the service of conservation.”
 It reinforces that “commerce and conservation can and must be made compatible.” Threats to biodiversity include human over population, habitat destruction, overharvesting, invasive species and pollution. So the best approach in the 21st century and beyond is to play it safe, go for a green bottom line, and protect as much of our native habitats and wild places to give as many species, including our own, a good chance at survival.

No matter what your industry, develop and promote long-term internal plans for your business that sustain biological diversity from your financials to your production in- and out-puts. As you become more aware and protective of the natural world, you further a movement that is increasingly critical for the health and well roundedness of our children and future leaders. In the long term, having this connection with the Earth and supporting biodiversity efforts will yield big returns for your business and our big blue planet. It’s easy, and it’s just outside your door…

Five Ways Your Business Can Help Promote Biodiversity In Your Community Right Now

 

1. Landscape for Pollinators

Pollinators (bees, butterflies, bats, etc.) play a critical role in our environment but most have been on the decline in recent years. Scientists still do not know the cause of the bee colony collapses they are seeing in record numbers since 2006. According to a 2007 Q&A with Leeanne Alonso, director of Conservation International’s Rapid Assessment Program, “In the U.S. alone, pollination by domesticated honeybees is worth almost $15 billion a year, and by native bees roughly $3 billion a year.” The loss of bees would not only affect business, but our day-to-day lives as well. Insects are responsible for pollinating one out of every three crops we eat. Foods including strawberries, tomatoes, almonds, and, of course, honey to name a few.

To help, conserve the habitat of native bees and pollinators, and learn what plants you can add to your commercial landscaping to aid pollinator survival with these pollinator-friendly planting guides from the Pollinator Partnership. Be sure to also follow these tips for pesticide use from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

2. Know Your Invasive Exotics and Help Eradicate Them

In some parts of the U.S., species like kudzu or the Nile monitor lizard may seem like something from a bad sci-fi movie or Carl Hiaasen novel; however, the damage they can cause to our economy and environment is real. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that one-in-seven non-native species introduced in the United States becomes an invasive exotic plant or animal, which creates more than $138 billion each year in damage and control costs.

Help fight these alien invaders before they cause economic, environmental or human harm by being informed and willing to help. Learn about the invasive exotic plants and animals in your area, and how to help control them by contacting your state and local authorities. Have your workplace participate in local events/efforts to control and eradicate invasive exotics so that natural habitat can be restored and protected.

3. Xeriscape with Natives

“What businesses do with their own landscapes impacts not only biodiversity in urban areas, but also the biodiversity of natural environments outside of the city,” says Mark Hostetler, an Urban Wildlife Ecologist with the University of Florida.  He adds, “Using native, indigenous, plants in landscaping helps provide habitat for wildlife and it decreases the need for fertilizers, pesticides, and water.  This reduces the amounts of pollutants in stormwater runoff, lessening impacts on nearby natural areas.”

Xeriscaping is a form of landscaping that conserves water and reduces the need for fertilizer. It includes the use of plants adapted to a particular region.  By using native plants in your xeriscaping, you can create beautiful planted areas that also provide useful habitat for native animals like birds, lizards and butterflies. Work with a local plant nursery or county extension service/Master Gardener to find a wide variety of native plants that work with the soils in your landscape and that provide habitat for native animal species in your area. Minimize turf grass because it is like concrete to biodiversity.

Using drought tolerant natives also improves your bottom line. Encouraging your employer/grounds keeper to use native plants in landscaping in and around your office building reduces fertilizer and watering costs. Go further and use a rain barrel for needed watering and compost organics on site to use in place of fertilizer to enrich soil.

4. Participate in the Audubon Christmas Bird Count

According to the 2007 Audubon WatchList website, “One quarter of U.S. birds need our help to keep them from slipping toward extinction.” Helping with the Audubon Christmas Bird Count, the longest-running wildlife census, keeps track of birds that are endangered or at risk of being endangered and helps guide actions for conservation.

Further help our feathered friends by working to conserve Important Bird Areas, and by putting up a birdfeeder and a birdhouse in a wild place outside your office.  Go further and become involved with a year-round bird monitoring and/or insect monitoring program.

5. Mix Green Business with Green Pleasure

Getting in that game of golf is a perfect way to reconnect with your clients and the environment and to support biodiversity. Take the Green Golfer™ Pledge, visit Green Certified golf courses and do your part to encourage your local courses to participate in the Audubon International Golf and Environment Initiative.

According to this Audubon initiative, “Surveys have shown that golfers report that playing quality is maintained or even improved as a result of steps taken to manage a course in harmony with the natural environment.”

Further, the U.S. Golf Association knows the game of golf can “green” up and be more sustainable. Golf course benefits for both the business and the environment include fewer resources used for watering, fertilizing, pesticides and mowing, as well as providing natural areas for native plants and animals.

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Recycle, Reuse and Repurpose…Content?

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As many of you know, I recently wrote a piece titled Gaming for the Greater Good: How Social Gaming Can Advance Sustainability for Triple Pundit on how to utilize the upward trend of social gaming in our culture to do some good – specifically, to harness the collective minutes and efforts currently spent on gaming for sustainability. The piece spread virally, with glowing comments like, “Imagine my surprise and delight when one of the websites I launched in another life (Gamasutra) finds its way to be mentioned by one of my favorite bloggers in my new life!”

Imagine my surprise(!) and delight(?) when a major advertising agency took my article and “recycled, reused and repurposed” it by “republishing” it on their blog as their own. But don’t get me wrong, I couldn’t be more flattered.

This experience triggered another idea. Just as gaming has transformed over the years into a social experience, is journalism and writing changing just as dramatically? Is this new virtual world, one where we share…everything? Collective and open source knowledge, photos of our weekend, thoughts on the newest restaurant, the location of the bus stop of which we are standing and even the words that we write? Should we anticipate—even expect—others to use…take…anything that we put up on the web for their own—even our personal experiences and thoughts in a written work published on major online publications?

Stanley Fish, a professor of humanities and law at Florida International University and author of 13 books, revealed a similar experience in his August commentary in The New York Times and was torn with this very dilemma. Standing there with blocks of brightly highlighted text, he showed his colleague exactly where thoughts from his book had been “reused” in the colleague’s new book (the colleague/author was mortified,  pointed his finger at his co-author…who in turn pointed at graduate researchers).

My piece, titled Gaming for the Greater Good: How Social Gaming Can Advance Sustainability, was published August 24, 2010. And the ad agency’s article? Play Your Way Into a Better World was published on the agency’s blog on September 1, 2010.

 Gaming_DerrickPlayYourWay_SaatchiClick on each thumbnail to read the article.

(If you would like to see the highlighted stories side by side, click here.)

 

 

What do you think? Should “rewriting, recycling and republishing” be expected in this new digital day and age?

(Side note: This post was written without hard feelings toward Saatchi & Saatchi, but rather to pose the larger question to our readers about what we all post to the internet. Thanks to Saatchi & Saatchi for picking up on the story.  After all, imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.)

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180 Degrees South – A Reason to Pause

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180degrees

If the march of progress is inexorably forward, what happens when we reach the edge of a cliff?  This is the question asked by Yvon Chouinard, septuagenarian rock climber, surfer, founder of the Patagonia outdoor clothing line and philanthropist in the movie 180° South: Conquerors of the Useless.

This beautifully filmed movie features long-time friends Chouinard and Douglas Tompkins, founder of The North Face, and their attempts to save vast swaths of wilderness from the press of development.  It begins with the 10,000 mile sea voyage of Jeff Johnson, a young rock climber inspired by Chouinard and Tompkins, who aims to climb Cerro Corcovado peak in Patagonia, in southern Argentina.  During the voyage, the mast of the sailboat collapses and breaks, and the crew is forced to motor 400 miles to Easter Island (Rapa Nui) for repairs.

While on Rapa Nui, Johnson learns about the history of the island’s moai – the famous statues of large, stone heads carved by the indigenous population. The moai line the island’s coast, which is no small feat considering the lack of industrial tools when they were created. According to local legend, the problem of transporting these large rocks to every corner of the island was solved by cutting down trees and rolling the rocks on top of them to their destination.  Unfortunately, in each clan’s or tribe’s desire to create more statues than the next tribe over, all the island’s trees were cut down, leaving a denuded landscape void of timber. The population of the island dropped from around 3,000 to 111 people by 1877. (The effects of deforestation on the population, some say, were less than the slave raiding and disease introduced by Europeans, however).

Fast forward to Santiago, Chile. Repaired, the sailboat crosses to the mainland and Johnson lands in Santiago, the capital. Larger than Los Angeles, it is a sprawling megalopolis. To provide energy to its urban population, the Chilean government has “sold” its rivers to power companies, which are rapidly damming them. Further, wood pulp companies have built huge factories next to waterways to provide timber for urban development, poisoning the water and air, and destroying the local fishing and agricultural way of life of the area’s inhabitants.  

This is where Chouinard and Tompkins come in. Tompkins and his wife purchase 2 million acres of pristine, undeveloped land in Chile and Argentina, for the purpose of restoring, protecting and donating as national parks. Tompkins and local vaqueros then join forces and actively protest the construction of dams on two of Chile’s wildest rivers.

The primary consumers of the dam’s power are vast distances away from the dams, and, as pointed out by one Chilean researcher, are so removed from the process that they aren’t really aware of its true cost.

The Chilean saga is not unique – it has been repeated in its many manifestations since the Industrial Revolution.  But how long can it go on?  How long until, like the legend of Rapa Nui, there is nothing left?

Back to Chouinard’s question regarding the forward march of progress.  Many believe that moving toward sustainability requires us to move backward, backward along the path of progress.

As Chouinard points out in the movie, however, when you come to the edge of cliff, you never walk backwards from the cliff edge.  At the same time, you don’t continue moving forward right off the edge of the cliff.  Instead, what you do is turn around and move forward – but in a different direction.

In reality, sustainability is not about going backwards. It is about using what we know now to make ourselves more efficient and more effective in our use of resources, both human and natural.  Sustainability is about being creative, innovative, inventive and forward looking, not about returning to the Stone Age.

Sustainable business practices will improve your company’s profitability, contributing to its bottom line over the long-term.  But it will also contribute to the bottom line of reducing everyone’s “footprint” on the planet, making the planet a better place, for all of us, and our children, over the long-term. 

And don’t think that sustainability is only about big fixes and dramatic action. Small efforts add up quickly. Employees at Park&Co., an advertising agency, decided to limit themselves to one ream of paper per person per year, saving the company paper and saving trees in the process. What can you do to reduce your company’s energy demands?  What processes can you implement to save resources?

Many people believe we have reached a tipping point with the world’s resources—that we are on the edge of the cliff.  Can we turn around and move forward toward sustainability, rather than heading over the cliff?  It is up to us to decide.

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